本题要求你写个程序把给定的符号打印成沙漏的形状。例如给定17个“*”，要求按下列格式打印

*****
 ***
  *
 ***
*****

所谓“沙漏形状”，是指每行输出奇数个符号；各行符号中心对齐；相邻两行符号数差2；符号数先从大到小顺序递减到1，再从小到大顺序递增；首尾符号数相等。

给定任意N个符号，不一定能正好组成一个沙漏。要求打印出的沙漏能用掉尽可能多的符号。

输入格式:

输入在一行给出1个正整数N（≤1000）和一个符号，中间以空格分隔。

输出格式:

首先打印出由给定符号组成的最大的沙漏形状，最后在一行中输出剩下没用掉的符号数。

输入样例:

19 *

输出样例:

*****
 ***
  *
 ***
*****
2

编程语言：Python

解题思想：

1.判断所能生成的沙漏的最大层数

2.按顺序输出沙漏

3.对每一行进行左缩进，也就是实现“居中”，满足题目要求的格式

时间复杂度：O(N)

代码如下：

NOA, Symbol = input().split()  # 输入符号个数、符号
NOA = int(NOA)  # 将字符型转为整型
 
MaxLayer = 1  # 沙漏的层数
NOA -= 1  # 减去最中间那一层
 
# 计算最多有几层
while NOA - 2 * (MaxLayer + 2) >= 0:  # 所剩符号数可以再延伸2层
    NOA -= 2 * (MaxLayer + 2)
    MaxLayer += 2
 
NowLayer = MaxLayer  # 沙漏上半部
while NowLayer >= 3:
    String = (MaxLayer - NowLayer) // 2 * ' ' + NowLayer * Symbol  # 将每一层都进行左缩进，实现居中
    print(String)
    NowLayer -= 2
 
print((MaxLayer - NowLayer) // 2 * ' ' + Symbol)  # 沙漏中部，左缩进，实现居中
 
NowLayer = 3  # 沙漏下半部
while NowLayer <= MaxLayer:
    String = (MaxLayer - NowLayer) // 2 * ' ' + NowLayer * Symbol  # 将每一层都进行左缩进，实现居中
    print(String)
    NowLayer += 2
 
print(NOA)  # 输出剩余符号数

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PAT乙级:1027 打印沙漏